Industrial ecology ie is a relatively new field that is based on the ideology of nature. The history of kalundborg really began in 1961 with a project to use surface water from. Industrial symbiosis in action report on the third international industrial symbiosis research symposium birmingham, england, august 56, 2006. Industrial symbiosis has a rich history of investigating how one may facilitate.
Software solution of industrial symbiosis in the ubis project. The worlds first industrial symbiosis, that was the title of the article featured in volume 31 of world best practices magazine published by. The main principle is that a residue from one company becomes a ressource in another. Instead, this industrial ecosystem has continuously weathered many varieties of disturbance, from changes in the fuel type at the power plant to significant ownership and organizational changes within the companies such as the doubling in size of the oil.
Besides being home to the worlds first working industrial symbiosis, the kalundborg municipality is the largest industrial area in the zealand region, outside of copenhagen. While kalundborg is a familiar story for most industrial ecologists, the true. An industrial symbiosis is a local collaboration where public and private enterprises buy and sell residual products, resulting in mutual economic and environmental benefits. Industrial symbiosis is a form of brokering to bring companies together in innovative collaborations, finding ways to use the waste from one as raw materials for another. The industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark the industrial. It goes without saying that the model of industrial symbiosis system e kalundborg ecoindustrial park, in which industries in the area based on collaborative.
The symbiosis was created as a nonproject made by a nonorganization. Social dilemmas in stimulating ecoindustrial parks frank boons and marco a. This is an ongoing effort to both collect and analyze literature related to industrial symbiosis. One of the most notable examples of industrial ecology is denmarks kalundborg industrial park. Ecology and industrial symbiosis over the years has played a vital role in making. The symbiosis has created a positive image of kalundborg as a clean industrial city. Thereby, the kalundborg symbiosis participants swap residual materials for mutual benefit, on the premise that the output products from one enterprise can be used as cheap inputs by another company.
Industrial symbiosis is is a central concept in the industrial ecology literature, which describes geographically proximate interfirm relationships involving the exchange of residual materials, water, and energy. Industrial ecology approach and is certainly relevant to an industrial estate. Industrial symbiosis, a subfield of industrial ecology, engages traditionally separate. The kalundborg industrial park was not originally planned for industrial symbiosis. Industrial ecology success in kalundborg, denmark youtube. The industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark the. The main principle is, that a residue from one company becomes a resource at another, benefiting both the environment and the economy. Reclaiming the industrial past by carolyn kitch, the great bridge. Case studykalundborg 1 the industrial symbiosis in kalundborg, denmark. Industrial ecology in practice university of the western. Kalundborg symbiosis the worlds first industrial symbiosis. Kalundborg symbiosis effective industrial symbiosis. In the danish town of kalundborg, a number of industrial companies exchange waste and resources with each other in an elaborate network of pipelines.
The initial literature search was conducted using the science direct and web of science databases, combining the terms industrial symbiosis, ecoindustrial parks and energy and selecting. Eip advocates fail to recognize that kalundborgs industrial symbiosis is not selfsufficient and is not limited to the industrial park. The word symbiosis is usually associated with relationships in nature, where two or more species exchange materials, energy, or information in a mutually beneficial manner. Technical solutions of industrial symbiosis pilots in the ubis project. Since 1972 we have developed the worlds first industrial symbiosis with a circular approach to production. A novel knowledge repository to support industrial symbiosis. To analyze the literature, we use topic modelling, which examines statistical properties of the text in order to determine the topics that are present how are the topics determined. Land and water thus form significant spatial aspects that house a wide range of ecosystems. The kalundborg symbiosis is an industrial ecosystem, where the residual product of one enterprise is used as a resource by another enterprise, in a closed cycle. Industrial ecology seeks to quantify the material flows.
Industrial symbiosis a history author title year edition publisher profession number of pages nationality simmonds, peter waste products and 1876 3rd edition hardwicke and lund specialised undeveloped 491 pages bogue london journalist substances. Since 1989, efforts to understand the nature of interfirm resource sharing in the form of industrial symbiosis and to replicate in a deliberate way what was largely self. Its current state of waste heat and materials sharing developed over a period of 20 years. A danishborn british synopsis of citizen progress made in their economic. Structure and morphology of industrial symbiosis networks. Perhaps most significantly, there has been a gradual development of a systematic environmental way of thinking that may be applied to many other industrial settings and which may be used in planning new industrial complexes.
Pieterjan klok robin bruck 1611798 june 29th, 2016 19. This video by shows us that industrial ecology is being successfully used today in kalundborg, denmark to close the loop on waste and. Is is where coordination among different kinds of industrial operations enables the use of each others byproducts and wastes, closing loops of. We have studied the kalundborg symbiosis from varying angles. This document is a technical summary of the pilots. Kalundborg, located km west of copenhagen, can be seen as a successful example of an industrial complex minimizing pollution and optimizing the use of various resources. Ie uses nature as a reference to study resource productivity and environmental burdens of industrial and consumer products and their production and consumption systems. Building on kalundborgs waste management experience. Recommendations for a successful european is strategy supervisors. In this work, a novel approach to the design of knowledge repositories for industrial symbiosis is presented, based on the inclusion and categorization of tacit knowledge as well as on the combination of mimicking and inputoutput matching approaches. It is the symbiosis of kalundborg, located in denmark. The example of kalundborg is often quoted in the literature, perhaps because it is simple enough to allow the idea of an industrial ecosystem to be appreciated and yet sufficiently sophisticated to give a feeling for the enormous potential of this approach.
Jacobsenindustrial symbiosis in kalundborg, denmark. Industrial symbiosis industrial symbiosis in kalundborg the symbiosis is based upon commercial agreements between independent partners may 2005 8. It is important to point out that the example of kalundborg in denmark strictly speaking is an example of anindustrial network, and not an industrial estate. This web of materials and energy exchanges among companies and with the community has developed over the last 20 years in a small industrial zone on the coast, 75 miles west of. The branch of industrial ecology known as industrial symbiosis involves the physical exchange of materials, energy, water and byproducts among several organizations. Industrial symbiosis lecture1 resource biodiversity. More recently, the famous case of the kalundborg symbiosis was the subject. Kalundborg ecoindustrial park is an industrial symbiosis network located in kalundborg.
This is an ecoindustrial park where industries exchange. Symbiosis center denmark an industrial symbiosis uses the same principle as a symbiosis in nature, where two different species cooperate for mutual benefit. Green and randles 14, in the book entitled industrial ecology and spaces. This article argues that symbioses are distinct and evolve through a different process from these more common market activities. The industrial symbiosis project at kalundborg, denmark 100 kilometers west of copenhagen, population of approximately 15,000, is a model of environmental sustainability. A few industries located there, including a power plant, a gypboard plant, a biotech unit, the fishing activity in the town and the town municipality developed a method of. The vision of kalundborg symbiosis is to be the worlds leading industrial symbiosis with a circular approach to production.
Now, the symbiosis model will be used to create similar exchanges in other danish industrial parks. Some historical perspectives and policy implications. One of the favorite cases presented by industrial ecologists is the story of the spontaneous but slow evolution of the industrial symbiosis at kalundborg, denmark. Lessons on planning a symbiotic city 1695 provide the physical habitat for ecosystems and facilitate a range of intra ecosystem and interecosystem flows. The kalundborg symbiosis exemplifies the idea that through collaboration it is possible to find common solutions to specific problems. In this context, industrial symbiosis 1 holds huge potential. The global industrial economy can be modelled as a network of industrial processes that extract resources from the earth and transform those resources into commodities which can be bought and sold to meet the needs of humanity. Economics of industrial ecology materials, structural change and. For example, statoil sulfur and asnaes fly ash and clinker, both located in kalundborg, sell some of their byproducts to kemira and the aalborg portland cement company, whose plants are located on the. Objective the national industrial symbiosis programme nisp was developed in 2005 as an independent facilitator to help businesses in various sectors and of various sizes come.
Industrial symbiosis is is a subset of industrial ecology with a particular. A quantitative assessment of economic and environmental aspects article in journal of industrial ecology 101. Kalundborg the worlds first fully functional industrial. Lake tisso for a new oil refinery in order to save the limited supplies of. The city of kalundborg took the responsibility for building the.
Pdf understanding the evolution of industrial symbiotic networks. Early sharing at kalundborg tended to involve the sale of waste products without significant pretreatment. Industrial symbiosis is a process whereby a waste product in one industry is turned into a resource for use in one or more other industries, in a closed cycle. Industrial symbiosis is connected to ecoindustrial parks or industrial clusters patnaik and poyyamoli, 2015 it was pointed out that, although geographic proximity. The industrial symbiosis complex in kalundborg, denmark is the seminal example of industrial symbiosis in the industrial ecology literature.
A quantitative assessment of economic and environmental aspects journal of industrial. Industrial ecology ie is the study of material and energy flows through industrial systems. In spite of this, there has been no indepth quantitative analysis enabling more comprehensive understanding of economic and environmental performances connected to this case. Materials, energy, technologies, products and services circulate between companies more than ever as the current economy is transformed into a circular economy, by companies forming industrial symbioses. Kalundborg symbiosis is the worlds first industrial symbiosis and has evolved over the past 50 the cooperation between the companies in the symbiosis provides mutual benefits, economical as well as environmental. A residue in one company becomes a resource in another, and bring financial and environmental benefits. The kalundborg symbiosis is a partnership between nine public and private companies in kalundborg. The kalundborg industrial ecosystem a highly evolved industrial ecosystem is lo cated in the seaside industrial town of kalundborg, denmark gertler and ehrenfeld 1996. Situated in kalundborg, denmark, the symbiosis is based on publicprivate partnerships, with exchanges of energy, water and materials in closed loops.